Experimental and numerical analyses of the combustion characteristics of Mg/PTFE/Viton fuel-rich pyrolants in the atmospheric environment

Abstract

Magnesium/polytetrafluoroethylene/Viton (MTV) fuel-rich pyrolants use the atmospheric oxygen as a complementary oxidizer to sustain and alter the performance of the combustion reaction. The flame diffusion characteristics of MTV fuel-rich pyrolants in the atmospheric environment are studied by a high-speed camera (HSC). The flame temperature and combustion components are measured by using remote sensing Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR). In order to obtain the combustion component distribution more accurately, an aerobic combustion model containing the oxidation reaction of the excess reactant Mg and carbonaceous species with O₂ is established in this study. Eddy dissipation concept (EDC) model is applied to the numerical simulation of the three dimensional anaerobic and aerobic combustion field coupled with Realizable k-ε two-equation turbulence model. The research results show that flame temperature is mainly contributed by anaerobic combustion reaction. The flame structure obtained by the aerobic combustion model is closer to the experimental results, and the result of component distribution calculated by aerobic combustion is more consistent with characteristic spectrum. Therefore, the aerobic combustion model is more suitable for describing the actual MTV flame, and the combustion field can be divided into an anaerobic core zone and an aerobic diffusion zone.     

负载型Pt-Fe/SiO_2催化剂催化环己烷一步氧化制己二酸

己二酸是合成尼龙-66和尼龙-46纤维的重要原料,并进一步用于生产许多重要的化工产品。工业上的己二酸多采用以硝酸为氧化剂的两步法合成,该工艺不仅工艺复杂,而且对设备有腐蚀作用,还会释放大量的温室气体N_2O。本文以负载型Pt/SiO_2、Fe/SiO_2和Pt-Fe/SiO_2为催化剂,采用过氧化氢和氧气为氧源,研究了环己烷一步氧化制己二酸的绿色合成路线。对催化剂进行ICP、BET比表面积、XRD、TEM等表征,结果表明,Pt-Fe/SiO_2催化剂中不存在与Pt或Fe对应的衍射峰。在最佳反应条件下,用高压釜进行了催化剂性能评价,结果表明,Pt-Fe/SiO_2催化活性略优于Pt/SiO_2和Fe/SiO_2。在环己烷转化率为28%的情况下,己二酸选择性达到33%。     

Asynchronous control for two‐dimensional hidden Markovian jump systems with partly known mode observation conditional probabilities

This study focuses on the asynchronous control problem for two‐dimensional discrete‐time hidden Markovian jump systems where the mode observation conditional probability matrix is partly known. Considering the original system modes are invisible, the observed modes emitted from an observer serve as an alternative for stability analysis and controller design where a mode observation conditional probability matrix is constructed to characterize the emission between system modes and observed modes. Specially, only partly known information of the mode observation conditional probability matrix is accessible. With the introduction of the free‐connection weighting matrices, the asymptotic mean square stability criterion is firstly derived based on Lyapunov method. This introduction provides a further degree of relaxation and less conservatism is therefore achieved. Secondly, we present synthesis conditions for asynchronous state feedback controller design given in terms of a set of interconnected linear matrix inequalities. Moreover, cluster concept based on the partitions of observed modes is adopted which helps to decrease the number of controllers and simplify the design complexity. A numerical example, regarding the cases with and without clustering of the observed modes, is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

A B-spline multi-parameterization method for multi-material topology optimization of thermoelastic structures

A B-spline multi-parameterization method (MPM) is presented in this paper for topology optimization of thermoelastic structures. As thermoelastic topology     

On speeding up an asymptotic-analysis-based homogenisation scheme for designing gradient porous structured materials using a zoning strategy

Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization - Surrogate modeling is commonly used to replace expensive simulations of engineering problems. Kriging is a popular surrogate for deterministic...     

卡尔费休法测定液态氯乙烯中水含量的研究

采用卡尔费休法测定了液态氯乙烯单体中的水含量。试验确定了采样工具、样品的预处理方式及选用溶剂的最优方案,并进行了精密度与准确度的验证。结果表明卡尔费休法测定液态氯乙烯单体中的水含量准确、快速,可以用来准确、及时地指导生产。     

Determination of a suitable index for a solvent via two-column extractive distillation using a heuristic method

The traditional approach to solvent selection in the extractive distillation process strictly focuses on the change in the relative volatility of light-heavy components induced by the solvent. However, the total annual cost of the process may not be minimal when the solvent induces the largest change in relative volatility. This work presents a heuristic method for selecting the optimal solvent to minimize the total annual cost. The functional relationship between the relative volatility and the total annual cost is established, where the main factors, such as the relative volatility of the light-heavy components and the relative volatility of the heavy-component solvent, are taken into account. Binary azeotropic mixtures of methanol-toluene and methanol-acetone are separated to verify the feasibility of the model. The results show that using the solvent with the minimal two-column extractive distillation index, the process achieves a minimal total annual cost. The method is conducive for sustainable advancements in chemistry and engineering because a suitable solvent can be selected without simulation verification.     

ABET认证背景下分离工程课程量化评价体系的建设

课程量化评估体系建设对于实现学生综合素质和能力的培养十分关键。分离工程课程教学团队在 ABET认证背景下,基于“以学生为中心”和“持续改进”的教学理念,细化课程教学目标,构建了可量化的学生能力评价体系和课程的持续改进机制,并通过数据反馈不断改进教学,使专业培养目标在本课程中完美体现。课程量化评估体系的建设对于提升课程教学质量、实现专业培养目标、推进化工专业的国际化具有十分重要的意义。     

基于象的理解在现代设计中的研究

在经济日益开放发展的今天,设计在人们的生活中充当了重要的角色。设计的产品是人造物的产品,人类根据自身的生活方式,行为习惯设计制造出为人类提供便利的产品,这些产品是基于人类对于自然的认识进而模仿或通过模仿继而创造出来的产物。本文基于人造物的分析,通过对于象的理解及现代设计的研究,其中对于 "观象制器"以及创新创造设计方法的理解及运用,为现代设计的提供指导方法,进而推动现代设计的发展。     

智能工作面电液控制装置水处理系统应用分析

为保证智能综放工作面电液控制装置运行稳定和支架等设备的安全运行,采用由过滤器组、软化水装置、储水箱、自动配比装置等组成的水处理系统;该系统对进水进行高精度过滤,并进行酸碱等离子成分处理,保证乳化液的纯净度,维护电液系统及设备运行安全。试验表明,工作面回采过程中未出现电液装置及设备故障,应用效果好。